Carburetor



Feb. 3, 1953 E, RIVQCHE 2,627,395

CARBURETOR Filed April l, 1948 2 SHEETS-SHEET l I f2 @Y i 45 L@ L90 x92 J6 Ji? '2 i@ 60 L fo 3g m a IY/ f M -Z6 Feb. 3, 1953 E. RlvocHE CARBURETOR Filed April l, 1948 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Patented F eb. 3, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CARBURETOR Eugene Rivoche, Washington, D. C. Application April 1, 194s, serial No. 18,439

16 Claims. l

This invention pertains to a metering device and, more particularly, to carburetors for regulating the supply of fuel to internal combustion engines and the like.

Carburetors which are now in commercial use today utilize a plurality of jets of fixed capacity for permitting the passage of fuel therethrough, and a great majority of carburetors utilize a oat chamber for maintaining a liquid level in an attempt to att-ain the proper fuel supply. Diniculty has been encountered with the present day carburetor in that it tends t-o starve at high speed and Ican only supply fuel in accordance with the capacity of the fixed jets. One of the jets is utilized for starting, and the other, or both, for operation. There can be no change in the jets With-out taking down the carburetor and rendering the motor inoperative. In addition, such jets are apt to become dirty and there can be no regulation of the fuel supply therethrough without rendering the motor inoperative for ia period of time.

Again some motor vehicles utilize one type of fuel for starting and another type of fuel for operati-on after starting has been effected and the engine warmed up. Such operation is generally eiiected by a plurality of carburetors. Where a single, usual carburetor is used it is necessary to drain (or use up) the fuel retained therein in order that starting fuel may be used. In the carburetor.; using the plurality of fixed jets, they are of diierent size and it is usual to use the large jet for starting because it is desired to supply a relatively large quantity of fuel so that the mixture of f-uel and air will be such as to present an explosive mixture to the ignition device. Thus after startitng and after the engine is warm, too great a quantity of fuel is supplied as there is no way to adjust the fixed jet.

However, in starting an engine it is cranked relatively slowly and the developed suction is, therefore small, so that it is difficult to supply a sufiicient quantity of explosive mixture to the ignition device, and thus the starting mot-or and consequently the battery is called upon to rotate the crank shaft a number of times, which is a drain on the battery, and if the weather is cold the lubricating oil is more viscous, and difculty is encountered in turning over the engine, which increases the difficulty of supplying the necessary explosive mixture for starting. Even after the engine is started, it is not economi-cal, because then the large jet permits the engineto draw in a too great'quantity of fuel in proportion to the 2 quantity of air so that a non-explosive :mixture reaches the engine and flooding may occur. The starting diiculty can be alleviated somewhat by increasing the idling Ispeed of the motor, but this is undesirable as it is unecon-omical both from a standpoint `of fuel consumption and wear and tear on the engine parts.

Again, in supplying too much fuel, there is a danger that an unburned part of the fuel will be expelled through the exhaust, or the unburned part of the fuel, being of a seeking nature, will iind its Way into the lubricating oil, diluting it and thereby destroying its effectiveness. This is further dangerous from a. standpoint of Wear and tear on the engine, because fuel, such as gasoline, is not a lubricant but is an abrasive. There are other instances in motor vehicles where it is desirable that for a particular zone such as city use, that a governor be used to prevent speeding, but for the most part these governors are unsatisfactory and, as a matter of fact, are dangerous as they ydo not ,permit rapid enough acceleration to their top limit of speed. Additionally such governors are undesirable because they do not permit an increase of speed beyond the set speed after the restricted speed zone has been left, because such governors cannot be adjusted without rendering the vehicle temporarily inoperative.

It is, therefore, an object of this invention to provide a carburetor provided with one or more adjustable jets.

Another object of the invention is to provide the carburetor for an internal combustion engine wherein there can only be a full synchronization in the mixture of air and fuel, in desired and easily adjustable proportions of air and fuel.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carbureting or metering device for an internal combustion engine wherein the carburetor acts not only as a carburetor, but also may be utilized as a mixer of fuels of different character..

Another object of the invention is to provide a carburetor for an internal combustion engine wherein a selected number of fuels may ybe used and the mixing thereof may be independent, both as to kind and quantity, one from the other.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carburetor for an interna-l combustion engine which operates under pressure and not only by aspiration.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carburetor which does not utilize a float, thus there is no reservoir of liquid adjacent the engine which could be ignited accidentally.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carburetor wherein the adjustment thereof can be effected while the internal combustion engine with which it is associated is in operation.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carburetor which may be .adjusted at any time permitting adjusments for differences in temperature, differences in pressure, or differences in grade of fuel, all such adjustments being possible while the engine is in operation.

Another object of the invention is to provide Va carburetor for an internal combustion engine which permits an easy adjustment and quick control of fuel consumption, whereby the internal combustion engine associated therewith can be operated as economically and efficiently as possible, and wherein the utmost performance can be attained, all such adjustments being possible while the engine is in operation.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carburetor which is positive of operation whereby it causes the engine with which it is associated to start immediately, whether the temperature is low or not, and regardless of the pressure with which the fuel is supplied or the aspiration of the engine and one wherein there is no dependence upon fuel level, and wherein there is always a proper mixture of air and fuel.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carburetor wherein the fire hazard is eliminated as no pool of fuel is carried as in the usual type f float carburetor.

Another object of the invention is to provide an inexpensive, easily operated, adjusted and repaired carbureting device for an internal cornbustion engine which will operate in any position of such device.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carbureting device for an internal combustion engine which is so constructed and arranged that overly large quantities of fuel cannot be supplied to the engine so there can be no ooding of the engine, nor can there be any vapor lock, and there is no danger that the unburned part of the fuel will mix with the lubricating oil or be dangerously expelled from the exhaust.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carburetor which is so constructed and arranged that it is self-cleaning, yet is easily regulated even while the engine is in operation.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carburetor for an internal combustion engine wherein a jet, or a plurality of jets, is provided which can be so adjusted as to provide, in effect, an infinite number of selected sized jets.

Another object of the invention is to provide a carburetor which is so constructed and arranged that a plurality of different fuels may be mixed inthe carburetor for the supply to an internal combustion engine, the amount of such fuels being selectively variable. Y

Another object of the invention is to provide a carburetor wherein not only the supply of fuel canbe varied during operation of the engine, but the richness and composition of the fuel-air` mixture can be varied.

Another object of the invention is to provide a'carburetor so constructed and arranged that it is readily interchangeable with engines of different size within a reasonable range, of course, the only substantial essential being one of adjustment.

VWith these and various other objects in view, the invention consists of certain novel features of construction and operation as will be more fully described and particularly pointed out in the specification, drawings and claims appended hereto.

In the drawings which illustrate embodiments of the device and wherein like reference characters are used to designate like parts- Figure 1 is an elevation, partly in section, showing a form of carburetor embodying the invention;

Figure 2 is a plan view, partly in section, of the carburetor illustrated in Figure l, the section being taken substantially at right angles to that shown in Figure 1, i. e. in the plane as indicated by the line 2 2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional plan of one form of jet or injection device used in the carburetor, showing it associated with the mixing chamber of the device;

Figure 4 is a fragmentary elevation showing the injection end of the injection device illustrated in Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a fragmentary elevation of 'the inner adjustable injection tube for adjusting the carburetor for idling;

Figure 6 is an enlarged sectional plan of a modified form of jet or injection device used in the carburetor, showing it associated with the mixing chamber of the device;

Figure 7 is a transverse, sectional elevation through certain of the ports of the injection device illustrated in Figure 6, showing the relative position of the ports for idling of an internal combustion engine;

Figure 8 is a transverse sectional elevation corresponding to Figure 7, but showing the relative position of the ports when the governor port has been adjusted from the lower supply position shown in Figure 7 to a higher or greater capacity position;

Figure 9 is a transverse sectional elevation corresponding to Figure 8 but showing the outer ports having been moved to a position of accelerating an internal combustion engine;

Figures 10, 11 and 12 are diagrammatic, fragmentary, sectional elevations showing different arrangements of injection devices with a mixing chamber; and

Figure 13 is a diagrammatic sectional elevation showing a carburetor utilizing two jets, but arranged to supply more than two types of fuels to the mixing chamber. Y

The carburetors illustrated comprise a stationary casing 26, having a mixture outlet'passage 22, and the securing flange 24 for connecting the casing Zrto the inlet manifold 26 of an internal combustion engine (not shown) passage 22 communicating with manifold inlet passage 28. Casing 20 is also provided with an intake passage 30, communicating with a source of air, as the atmosphere, through air lter (cleaner) 32.

Casing 2U is provided with an axial cylindrical bore 34, shown with the axis normal to passages 22 and 30, and the ends of said bore are closed by closure plates 36 and 38 rotatably mounted in said casing. Closure plates 35 and 38 are nxedly connected together by means of the cylindrical sleeve or tube 40 which is rotatably mounted in the kbore 34,V said tube 4i! having oppositely disposed openings 42 and 44 communicating with passages 3U and 22, respectively. Rotation Vof tube 40 serves to regulate the extent of communication between the air filter 32 and the mixing chamber 56, formed in casing 2U, tube il!) and between closures 35 and 38; and between the mixing chamber 46 and inlet manifold 26, as will be more particularly hereinafter described. Thus the ported sleeve 40 forms a rotary valve with ypassages 22 and 30.

Referring now, more particularly, to the modification illustrated in Figures l to 5 and 7 to 9 (Figures 4, 5, 7 to 9 being equally applicable to the modification shown in Figure 6), oppositely disposed injection devices 43 and 50 extend through closures 3.6 and 38, respectively, the devices ybeing preferably similar in construction, and are so disposed that the nozzles or nozzle ends 52 extend into the mixing chamber 46.

The outer or first injection member 54 of devices 48 and 50, is fixed in its respective closure 36 or 38, so that member 54 and its nozzle 52 turns with the sleeve 40. Member 54 is threaded adjacent its o-uter end for reception of the nut 56, the rear wall 58 of said nut terminating adjacent the inner or second injection member 60, and being adapted to engage slidable spring seat 62 encircling injection member 50. One end of spring 64 is seated on seat 02, the opposite end being seated on fixed seat 65 provided on said member 60.

Movement of nut 56 on the threaded end of member 60 varies the compression of spring 64, thereby urging the outer, tapered nozzle end 63 of member 50 into engagement with the inner, correspondingly tapered nozzle end 52 of member 54, with selected degrees of firmness.

Nozzle end 66 is provided with a port l0, shown frusto-conical in shape (though any desired shape may .be used), the size of the port varying according to the size of the engine to be operated (amount of fuel to pass through the port), and according to the pressure to be used to supply the fuel to the engine. The larger the supply pressure, the smaller port 'l0 may be, and the more quick opening said port may be made.

Nozzles 52 are open at the ends in the mixing chamber 45 and each opening or lport 12 is provided vvith a biased or inclined notched end '54, the angularity (steepness) of the incline depending upon the -speed desired in opening port l0, the depth of the notch 'l5 .being preferably suicient to permit the members 60 and 54 to 'be so relatively positioned that port 10 is entirely open. rlhus it may be said that the larger the engine or the lesser the supply pressure, the steeper the incline of opening 12 may be.

Each member 60 is provided with lever 16 xedly secured thereto as at 80 and suitably connected as at 82 with the rotatable knob 84, said knob beingprovided with pointer 86, movable over calibrated dial 88 conveniently located to the operator of the engine with which the carburetor is associated. When used in an automobile the dial 0B and control knob 84 may be on the dashboard. Rotating the knob 84 rotates member 50, and consequently regulates the opening at 'l0 to thereby determine the engines idling speed.

Member 54 is provided with lever 90 xedly secured thereto as at S2, said. lever being suitably connected as at 94 to the accelerator (no-t shown) Inasmuch as members 54 of injection devices 46 and 50 are fixed to sleeve 40 only one lever 55 need be connected to the accelerator, though levers 90 may be provided for both devices 48 and 50 to accommodate right or left handed disposition of carburetors on engines.

-An inner third injection member 96 is disposed in the bore of member 60, said member comprising a tubular portion 98 having an externally and internally threaded end, adapted to be closed by plug |00,.or connected to a source of pressure supply as to a source of compressed air. Portion 98 is provided with a slidable spring seat |02, adjusted by wall |04 of nut |06 provided on the threaded end of member 60. Portion 98 is enlarged to provide a spring seat |08, spring ||0 being disposed between seats |02 and |66 urging the tapered outer portion H2 into engagement with the complementarily tapered inner portion H4 of member 60, tapered portion ||2 terminating in an end portion H6 fitting within the bore of member 60.

Lever H0 is xedly connected at |20 to member 96 and is connected through suitable mechanism |22 to knob |24, `whereby rotation of knob |24 rotates member 96. Knob |24 is ,provided with pointer |25` adapted to be moved over calibrated dial |29 to the selected setting. By this means the supply of fuel may be regulated from fully closed to fully opened.

Member 60 is provided With a manifold |30 connected through piping 32 to a suitable source of fuel supply and the port |34 in member 60 is adapted to form a valve with port |36 in member 96 to regulate the amount of fuel `supplied from piping E32 to opening l'. This setting then effects a governing action, which however can be regulated by knob |24 by the engine operator, as for example, it may :be regulated from the dashboard cf a motor car. The ports |34 and |36 forming valves are preferably il-shaped. (though other shapes may be used) to facilitate regulation and self -cleaning It will be noted that injection devices 48 and 50 are so arranged (Figure 2) that the operation is the same, i. e., upon movement of the accelerator to rotate members 54, ports 12 open together; though of course they may be arranged to operate in a reverse direction should that be desired. It is contemplated that injection device 48 may be operated with device 50 or one may be used alone, or one may be used serially or in timed relation to the other.

In the modification shown in Figure 6 member 54 is provided mounted in closure 36 (and 33), said member 54 having end 52 provided With opening or port 'l2 cooperating with port |38 similar to port 10) disposed in the tapered nozzle end |40 of member |42. Nozzle end |40 ts into a complementarily tapered portion in end 52, and is held therein by spring |44 disposed between the xed spring seat |46 and slidable spring seat |48. Seat |48 is adjustably held by the end Wall |50 of nut |52.

Instead of member 96 (Figures 3 and 6) intertting in member |42, it interfits in the complementary bore of third inner injection member |54. Member |54 has a tapered end |56 disposed in contacting relation to the inner nozzle end |40 and is provided with a port |58 which will function as port |36 (Figures 7, 8 and 9) being a governor.

Member |54 is provided with fixed spring seat |60, and movable spring seat |62, adjustably held by end Wall |64 of nut |66 provided on the threaded end of member |42. In this case member |54 has the manifold |68 (similar to manifold |30) and a port (not shown) similar to port |34, acting as a valve with substantially V-shaped port |36. Member 96 is held in operative position by spring ||0 disposed between seats |00 and |02, seat |02 being adjustably held by nut |10 provided on the threaded end of member |54, and as before, end ||6 extends into the bore of member |54.

The bore of member 96 is adapted to be con- Y member |54 and to a knob (not shown) of a dial similar to dial 88. Lever 1d is connected to memberv |42 and to the knob 84 of dial 8B (Figure 1). Lever 9@ is connected as at 92 to member 54 and to the accelerator.

In the operation of the devices shown in Figures 1 to 9, inclusive, assuming a pair of injection devices are used, knob 84 is regulated to rotate member 6D (or member M52) to such a position that ports 10 and 12 are slightly open for idling, at which time port 42 is but slightly open for admission of air. When the desired idling position (air-fuel ratio) is attained knob 84 is rendered inoperative and remains so unless it is necessary to change it to efiect a different idling action.

Levers |12 or Ht may then be moved (from their respective control knobs adjacent the operator) to regulate the amount of fuel possible to supply at full throttle. In other words levers |12 or H8 may be used as governors, which however can be changed at will by the operator if they may beoperated by him while the engine is running. That is, in the case of an automobile driver, if the governing controls are near him as on the dashboard he can change the governor at his election. The difference between the devices shown in Figures 3 and 6 is that in Figure 3 lever ||8 acts as a governor and in Figure 6 lever |12 acts as a governor. In Figure 6, lever IIB acts to control the port E36 and thus control fuel supply from manifold |68 to port |58 where its flow is governed to ports 12 and ISS.

Operation of the accelerator rotates member |54 and sleeve 4i) opening ports lil- 12 and ISB-12 and at the same time opening port 42 to supply more air to the increased fuel supply. Operation of the accelerator operates the fuel ports and air and mixture ports synchronously and simultaneously but the shape of the fuel portsr is so chosen, i. e., are of unmatching shape (not of the same geometrical form) and so movable with respect to each other that amounts oi fuel are disproportionately supplied to the changing amounts of air being supplied that the chosen air-fuel ratio is maintained throughout the entire throttle rhe air port 42 being of a different geometrical form from nozzle ports may also serve to insure the maintenance ofthe desired air-fuel ratio.

The opening of the fuel supplying ports of the device illustrated in Figure 6 is illustrated in Figures 7, 8 and 9. When idling perds 18 and 12 are just open, and member ii (Se) may be rotated to its governing position, for example it may be rotated from its position shown in Figure 7 to the maximum supply position shown in Figures 8 and 9, if then member 5d is rotated by the accelerator to its maximum position full opening ports 1li-i2 such movement then fully opensl port 42 permitting the maximum fuelsupply to the maximum air supply. Release of the accelerator (to decelerate) operates the ports oppositely to return the ports toward a position wherethe selected amount of idling fuel is supplied to the minimum amount of air in the mixing chamber.

When the device shown in Figure 5 is used or where member 95 is connected toa source Vof air pressure supply (Figure 3) diner-ent regulation is Vnecessary as thev pressure at the nozzle ends is greater than when an ordinary fuel pump with engine suction is depended upon.

As before mentioned the injection devices 48 and 50 may be used simultaneously to supply different fuels to be mixed. Or a valve may cut out one device or render it operative and inoperative aty selected times.

In Figures l0 to 12 are shown different arrangements of injection devices for different fuels which can be readily utilized in the assembly shown in Figure 1 using either the injection devices of Figure 3 or 6. These can be simultaneously operated or utilized in another sequence.

In Figure 13, the injection device |18, similar toY that of Figure 3 or 6, is connected to a main source of fuel supply IBLl and controlled, as above described, being supplied by fuel pump |82. Said device discharges into the mixing chamber |84 (similar to chamber 48). Another injectiondevice |85, of similar construction, discharges into the mixing chamber and this device is supplied by fuel through pump |88. This pump |38 is adapt'- ed to be connected to the outlet side of valve |S0, said valve having a plurality of inlets connected to a plurality of sources of supply |92, |94 and |86. The outlets of tanks |92, |94 and |98 are provided with controllable devices which allow different percentages of fuels to be conducted to valve ISS. The valve may be operated to connect any one or any combination of sources to said pump 88, so a Wide selection of mixtures may be supplied to mixing chamber |84. Otherwise the operation of the devices shown in Fig,-

ures l0 to 13 inclusive, is similar to that already described.

it is to be understood that this application is not to be limited by the exact embodiments of the device shown, which are merely by way of illustration and not limitation as various and other forms of the device will, of course, be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

I claim:

l. In fuel metering mechanism, the combination of a casing having an outlet adapted to be connected to the inlet of an internal combustion engine, said casing having an air inlet, a rotary valve disposed in said casing and having ports for controlling the air inlet and said first named outlet said casing and rotary valve formin.:r a mixing chamber in said casing, injection mechanism extending into said mixing chamber, said injection mechanism comprising an outer injection member fixed to said rotary valve and provided with a nozzle end extending into the mixing chamber and provided with a nozzle outlet, a second injection member rotatably mounted in said outer injection member and having; a

nozzle end having a nozzle outlet adapted to be moved with respect to said first named nozzle outlet to regulate the flow to said mixing chamber, a third injection member rotatably mounted 'in said second injection member and provided members havingports, the port. of said third in.-

jection member being connected to a source of fuel supply, said fourth injection member' being movable when the ports of said third and fourth injection members form a valve to regulate fuel supply from said source to said nozzle ends, and means for relatively moving said injection members with respect to each other, movement of certain of said injection members toward fully open position being substantially simultaneous with movement of the rotary valve toward the fully open position of the air inlet.

2. In fuel metering mechanism, the combination of a casing having an outlet adapted to be connected to the inlet of an internal combustion engine, said casing having an air inlet, a rotary valve disposed in said casing and having ports for controlling the air inlet and said rst named outlet, said casing and rotary valve forming a mixing chamber in said casing, injection mechanism extending into said mixing chamber, said injection mechanism comprising an outer injection member fixed to said rotary valve and provided with a nozzle end extending into the mixing chamber and provided with a nozzle outlet, a second injection member rotatably mounted in said outer injection member and having a nozzle end having a nozzle outlet adapted to be moved with respect to said first named nozzle outlet to regulate the flow to said mixing chamber, a third injection member extending into said second injection member and adapted to be connected to a source of pressure supply whereby pressure may be Supplied to said nozzle ends, said second and third injection members having ports, the port of the second injection member being connected to a source of fuel supply, said third injection member being movable when the ports of said second and third injection members form a valve to regulate fuel supply from said source to said nozzle ends, and means for relatively moving said injection members with respect to each other, movement of certain of said injection members toward fully open position being substantially simultaneous with Inovement of the rotary valve toward the fully open position of the air inlet.

3. In fuel metering mechanism, the combination of a casing having an outlet adapted to be connected to the inlet of an internal combustion engine, said casing having an `air inlet, a rotary valve disposed in said casing and having ports for controlling the air inlet and said first named outlet, said casing and rotary valve forming a mixing chamber in said casing, spaced injector mechanisms extending into said mixing chamber,

each injection mechanism comprising an outer injection member xed to said rotary valve and provided with a nozzle end extending into the mixing chamber and provided with a nozzle outlet, a second injection member rotatably mounted in said outer injection member and having a nozzle end having a nozzle outlet adapted to be moved with respect to said first named nozzle outlet to regulate the flow to said mixing chamber, a third injection member rotatably mounted in said second injection member and provided with a nozzle end extending into the nozzle end of said second injection member, said nozzle end of said third injection member having a port adapted to be regulated with respect to said last named outlets, a fourth injection member extending into said third injection member and adapted to be connected to a source of pressure supply whereby pressure may be supplied to said nozzle ends, said third and fourth injection mem- 1U bers having ports, the port of said third injection member being connected to a source of fuel supply, said fourth injection member being movable when the ports of said third and fourth injection members form a valve to regulate fuel supply from said source to said nozzle ends, and means for relatively moving said injection members With respect to each other, movement of certain of said injection members toward fully open position being substantially simultaneous with movement of the rotary valve toward the fully open position of the air inlet.

4. In fuel metering mechanism, the combination of a casing having an outlet adapted to be connected to the inlet of an internal combustion engine, said casing having an air inlet, a rotary valve disposed in said casing and having ports for controlling the air inlet and said rst named outlet, said casing and rotary Valve forming a mixing chamber in said casing, spaced injector mechanisms extending into said mixing chamber, each injector mechanism comprising an outer injection member rotatable with ysaid rotary valve and provided with a nozzle end exi tending into the mixing chamber and provided with a nozzle outlet, a second injection member rotatably mounted in said outer injection member and having a nozzle outlet adapted to be moved with respect to said rst named nozzle outlet to regulate the flow to said mixing chamber, a third injection member extending into said second injection member and adapted to be connected to a source of pressure supply whereby pressure may be supplied to said nozzle ends, said second and third injection members havingl ports, the port of the second injection member being connected to a source of fuel supply, said third injection member being movable when the ports of said second and third injection members form a valve to regulate fuel supply from said source to said nozzle ends, and means for relatively moving said injection members with respect to each other, movement of certain of said injection members toward fully open position being substantially simultaneous with movement of the rotary valve toward the fully open position of the air inlet.

5. Injection mechanism comprising an outer injection member having a nozzle end provided with a nozzle outlet, a second injection member rotatably mounted in said outer injection member and having a nozzle end having a nozzle outlet adapted to be'moved with respect to said rst named nozzle outlet to regulate the ow through the nozzle outlets, a third injection member rotatably mounted in said second injection member and provided with a nozzle end extending into the nozzle end of said second injection member, said nozzle end of said third injection member having a port adapted to be regulated with respect to said last named outlets, a fourth injection member extending into said third injection member and adapted to be connected to a source of pressure supply whereby pressure may be supplied to said nozzle ends, said third and fourth injection members having ports, the port of said third injection member being connected to a source of fuel supply, said fourth injection member being movable when the ports of said third and fourth injection members form a valve to regulate fuel supply from said source to said nozzle ends, and means for relatively moving said injection members toward each other.

6. Injection mechanism comprising an outer injection member having a nozzle end provided l l with a nozzle outlet, a second injection member rotatably mounted in said outer injection member and having a nozzle end having a nozzle outlet adapted to be moved with respect to said rst named nozzle outlet to regulate the flow from the nozzle end, a third injection member extending into said second injection member and adapted to be connected to a source of pressure supply whereby pressure may be supplied to said nozzle ends, said second and third injection members having ports, the port of the second injection Vmember being connected to a source of fuel supply, said third injection member being movable when the ports of said second and third injection members form a valve to regulate fuel supply from said source to said nozzle ends, and means for relatively moving said injection members toward each other.

7. In fuel metering mechanism, the combination ofa casing having an outlet adapted to be connected to the inlet of an internal combustion engine, said casing having an air inlet, a rotary valve disposed in said casing and having ports for controlling the air inlet and said rst named outlet, said casing and rotary Valve forming a mixing chamber in said casing, injection mechanism extending into said mixing chamber, said injection mechanism comprising an outer injection member fixed to said rotary valve and provided With a nozzle end extending into the mixing chamber and provided with a nozzle outlet, a second injection member rotatably mounted in said outer injection member and having a nozzle end having a nozzle outlet adapted to be moved with respect to said rst named nozzle outlet to regulate the i'low to said combustion chamber, a third injection member extending into said second injection member, said second and third injection members being held in assembled relation with said first injection member and with themselves by resilient means adjustably secured to said second and third injection members respectively, said second and third injection members having ports, the port of the second injection member Ibeing connected to a source of fuel supply, said third injection member being movable when the ports of said second and third injection members form a valve to regulate fuel supply from said source to said nozzle ends, and means for relatively moving said injection members withV respect to each other, movement of certain of said injection members toward fully open position being substantially simultaneous with movement of the rotary valve toward the fully l open position of the air inlet.

8. In fuel metering mechanism for an internal combustion engine, the combination of a casing having an outlet adapted to be connected to the fuel inlet of an internal combustion engine, said casing having an air inlet, the casing having an 'axial cylindrical bore, a cylindrical valve member rotatably mounted in said bore and provided With ports for controlling now through said casing outlet and inlet, said rotary valve and casing forming a mixing chamber, closures for the ends of said casing, one of said closures being rotatable and connected to said valve member, anrinjection device disposed on the axis of said valve member and extending into the mixing chamber, said injection device comprising an outer injection member iixed to said rotatable closure and having its axis disposed on the axis of said valve member, the nozzle end of said injection member being disposed in said mixing chamber, a second injection member rotatably mounted in said outer injection member and having a nozzle end extending into the nozzle end of said outer injection member, said nozzle ends having fuel ports for controlling the passage of fuel to said mixing chamber, rotation of the outer injection member rotating the valve member to vary the casing inlet and outlet and also rotate the port of the outer injection member with respect to the port of the inner injection member to vary the supply of fuel to said mixing chamber, and throttle means for simultaneously rotating the outer injection member and said valve member, rotation of the outer injection member and said valve member serving to regulate the fuel ports with respect to the casing inlet and outlet to maintain a selected airfuel ratio during the entire operation of the throttle means.

9. In fuel metering mechanism for an internal combustion engine, the combination of a casing having an outlet adapted to be connected to the fuel inlet of an internal combustion engine, said casing having an air inlet, the casing having an axial cylindrical bore, a cylindrical valve member rotatably mounted in said bore and provided With ports for controlling flow through said casing outlet and inlet, said rotary valve and casing forming a mixing chamber, closures for the ends of said casing, one of said closures being rotatable and connected to said valve member, an injection device disposed on the axis of said valve member and extending into the mixing chamber, said injection device comprising an outer injection member fixed to said rotatable closure and having its axis disposed on the axis of said valve member, the nozzle end of said injection member being disposed in said mixing chamber, a second injection member rotatably mounted in said outer injection member and having a nozzle end extending into the nozzle end of said outer named injection member, said nozzle ends having fuel ports for controlling the passage of fuel to said mixing chamber, rotation of the outer injection member rotating the valve member to vary the casing inlet and outlet and also rotate the port of the outer injection member With respect to the port of the inner injection member to vary the supply of fuel to said mixing chamber, throttle means for simultaneously rotating the outer injection member and said valve member, rotation of the outer injection member and said valve member serving to regulate the fuel ports with respect to the casing inlet and outlet-to maintain a selected air-fuel ratio during the entire operation of the throttle means, and means for rotating the inner injection member. in any throttle position for adjusting the fuel ports to selectively change the air-fuel ratio for any opening of the casing inlet and outlet.

10. In fuel metering mechanism for an internal combustion engine, the combination of a casing having an outlet adapted to be connected to the fuel inlet of an internal combustion engine, said casing having an air inlet, the casing having an axial cylindrical bore, a cylindrical valve member rotatably mounted in said. bore and provided with ports for controlling ilow through said casing outlet and inletsaid .rotary valve and casing forming a mixing chamber, closures for the ends of said casing, said closures being rotatable and connected to said valve member, injection devices disposed on the axis of said valve member and extending into the mixing chamber, each injection device compris ing an outer injection member fixed to said closures and having its axis disposed on the axis of said valve member, the nozzle end of each in jection member being disposed in said mixing chamber and each extending toward the other, a second injection member rotatably mounted in each outer injection member and having a nozzle end extending into the nozzle end of the associated outer injection member, each nozzle end of each injection member having a fuel port for controlling the passage of fuel to said mixing chamber, rotation of each outer injection member rotating the valve member to vary the casn ing inlet and outlet and also rotate the port of each outer injection member with respect to the port of the associated inner injection mem ber to vary the supply of fuel to said mixing chamber` and throttle means for simultaneously rotating each outer injection member and said valve member, rotation of each outer injection member and said valve member serving to regulate the fuel ports with respect to the casing inlet and outlet to maintain a selected air fuel ratio during the entire operation of the throttle mean-s,

11. In fuel metering mechanism for an internal combustion engine, the combination of a casing having an outlet adapted to be connected to the fuel inlet of an internal `combustion engine, said casing having an air inlet, the casing having an axial cylindrical bore, a. cylindrical valve member rotatably mounted in said bore and provided with ports for controlling iisfv through said casing outlet and inlet, said rotary valve and casing forming la chamber, closures for the ends of said casing, said closures being rotatable and connected to said valve mslm ber, injection devices disposed on the of said valve member and extending into the mixing chamber, each injection device comprising an outer injection member fixed to said closures and having its axis disposed on the axis of said valve member, the nozzle end of each injection member being disposed in said mixing chamber and each extending toward the other, a second injection member rotatably mounted in each outer injection member and having a nozzle end ex tending into the nozzle end of the associated outer injection member, each nozzle end of each injection member having a fuel port for controlling the passage of fuel to said mixing chatber, rotation of each outer injection member rotating the valve member to vary the casing inlet and outlet and also rotate the port of each outer injection member with respect to the port of the associated inner injection member to vary the supply of fuel to said mixing chamber and throttle means for simultaneously rotating each outer injection member and, said valve rotation of each outer injection member and said. valve member serving to regulate the fuel ports with; respect to the casing inlet and outlet to maintain a selected air fuel ratio during the entire operation of the throttle means, and means for rotating each inner injection member for adjusting the fuel ports to selectively change the air fuel ratio for any opening of the casing inlet and outlet.

l2. In fuel metering mechanism for an internal combustion engine, the combination of a casing having an outlet adapted to be connected to the fuel inlet of an internal combustion engine, said casing having an air inlet, the casing hav ing an axial cylindrical bore, a cylindrical valve member rotatably mounted in said bore and provided with ports for controlling ovv through said outlet and inlet, said rotary valve and casing forming a mixing chamber, closures for the ends of said casing, one of said closures being .rotatable and connected to said valve member, an injection device disposed on the axis of said valve member and extending into the mixing chamber, said injection device comprising an outer injection member fixed to Said rotatable closure and having its axis disposed on the axis of said valve member, the nozzle end of said injection member being disposed in said mixing chamber, a second injection member rotatably mounted in said outer injection member and having a nozzle end extending into and closing the nozzle end of said outer injection member, said nozzle ends having ports for controlling the passage cf fuel to said mixing chamber, said last named ports being of different geometrical shapes, rotation of the outer injection member rotating the valve member to vary the inlet and outlet and also rotate the port of the outer injection member with respect to the port of the inner injection member to vary the supply of fuel to said mixing chamber, and throttle means for simultaneously rotating the outer injection member and -said valve member, rotation of the outer injection member and said valve member serving to regulate the fuel ports with respect to the inlet and outlet to maintain a selected air-fuel ratio during the entire operation of the throttle means.

13. In fuel metering mechanism for an internal combustion engine, the combination of a casing having an outlet adapted to be connected to the fuel inlet of an internal combustion engine, said casing having an air inlet, the casing having an axial cylindrical bore, a cylindrical valve member rotatably mounted in said bore and provided with ports for controlling flow through said casing outlet and inlet, said rotary valve and casing forming a mixing chamber, closures for the ends of said casing, one of said closures being rotatable and connected to said valve member, an injection device disposed on the axis of said valve member and extending into the mixing chamber, said injection device comprising an outer injection member fixed to said rotatable closure and having its axis disposed on the axis or said valve member, the nozzle end of said injection member being disposed in said mixing chamber, a second injection member rotatably mounted in said outer injection member and having a nozzle end extending into the nozzle end of said outer named injection member, said nozzle ends having fuel ports for controlling the passage of fuel to said mixing chamber, rotation of the outer injection member rotating the valve member to vary the casing inlet and outlet and also rotate the port of the outer injection member With respect to the port of the inner injection member to vary the supply of fuel to said mixing chamber, the shape of at least one of said fuel ports being of different geometrical shape than that of said casing inlet, and throttle means for simultaneously rotating the outer injection member and said valve member, rotation of the outer injection member and said valve member serving to regulate the fuel ports with respect to the casing inlet and outlet to maintain a selected air-fuel ratio during the entire operation of the throttle means.

14. In fuel metering mechanism for an internal combustion engine, the combination of a casing having an outlet adapted to be connected to the fuel inlet of an internal combustion engine, said casing having an air inlet, a valve member rotatably mounted in said casing for controlling flow through said casing outlet and inlet, said casing having a mixing chamber therein, an injection device extending into the mixing chamber, said injection device comprising an outer injection member rotatable in said mixing chamber, the nozzle end of said injection member being disposed in said mixing chamber, a second injection member rotatably mounted in said outer injection member and having a nozzle end extending into the nozzle end of said outer named injection member, said nozzle ends having fuel ports for controlling the passage of fuel to said mixing chamber, a connection between said valve member and outer injection member, rotation of the outer injection member rotating the valve member to vary the casing inlet and outlet and also rotate the port of the outer injection member with respect to the port of the inner injection member to vary the supply of fuel to said mixing chamber, and throttle means'for simultaneously rotating the outer injection member and said valve member, rotation of the outer injection member and said valve member serving to regulate the fuel ports with respect to the casing inlet and outlet to maintain a selected air-fuel ratio during the entire operation of the throttle means.

15. In fuel metering mechanism for an internal combustion engine, the combination of a casing having an outlet adapted to be connected to the fuel inlet of an internal combustion engine, said casing having an air inlet, the casing having an axial cylindrical bore, a cylindrical valve member rotatably mounted in said bore and provided with ports for controlling flow through said casing outlet and inlet, whereby one of said rotary valve ports forms an air entrance with the casing inlet and the other rotary valve port forms a mixture exit with said casing outlet, said rotary valve and casing forming a mixing chamber, closures for the ends of said casing, one of said closures being rotatable and connected to said valve member, an injection device disposed on the axis of said valve member and extending into the mixing chamber, said injection device comprising an outer injection member fixed to said rotatable closure and havr ing its axis disposed on the axis of said Valve member, the nozzle end of said injection member being disposed in said mixing chamber, a second injection member rotatably mounted in said outer injection member and having a nozzle end l extending into the nozzle end of said outer injection member, said nozzle ends having fuel ports for controlling the passage of fuel to said mixing chamber, rotation of the outer injection member rotating the valve member to vary the casing inlet and outlet and also rotate the port of the outer injection member with respect to the port of the inner injection member to vary the supply of fuel to said mixing chamber, the shape of at least one of said fuel ports being of different geometrical shape than that of the air entrance, and throttle means for simultaneously Number Name Date 920,979 Morehouse May 11, 1909 1,737,496 Feroldi NOV. 26, 1929 1,828,902 Monosmith et al. Oct. 27, 1931 1,839,102 Kessel Dec. 29, 1931 2,009,412 Prentiss July 30, 1935 2,124,365 Carroll July 19, 1938 2,311,827 Hansen Feb. 23, 1943 2,480,853 Hans Sept. 6, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 293,789 Great Britain Publ. 1929, complete not accepted. 500,290 Great Britain Feb. 7, 1939 rotating the outer injection member and said valve member, rotation of the outer injection member and said valve member serving to regulate the fuel ports with respect to the air entrance and valve exit to maintain a selected air-fuel ratio during the entire operation of the throttle means.

16. In fuel metering mechanism for an internal combustion engine, the combination of a casing having an outlet adapted to be connected to the fuel inlet of an internal combustion engine, said casing having an air inlet, a valve member rotatably mounted in said casing for controlling ilow through said casing outlet and inlet, said casing having a mixing chamber therein, movement of the Valve member varying the air entrance and mixture exit to and from the mixing chamber, an injection device extending into the mixing chamber, said injection device comprising an outer injection member rotatable in said mixing chamber, the nozzle end of said injection member being disposed in said mixing chamber, a second injection member rotatably mounted in said outer injection .member and having a nozzle end extending into the nozzle end of said outer named injection member, said nozzle ends having fuel ports for controlling the passage of fuel to said mixing chamber, a connection between said valve member and outer injection member, rotation of the outer injection member rotating the valve member to vary the casing inlet and outlet and also rotate the port of the outer injection member with respect to the port of the inner injection member to vary the supply of fuel to said mixing chamber, the shape of at least one of said fuel ports being of different geometrical shape than that of the air entrance, and throttle means for simultaneously rotating the outer injection member and said valve member, rotation of the outer injection member and said valve member serving to regulate the fuel ports with respect to the air entrance and valve exit to maintain a selected airefuel ratio during the entire operation or the throttle means.

EUGENE RIVOCHE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

